Communication Anxiety of Industrial Workers during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Descriptive Study in Indonesian Industrial Area
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has changed various aspects of life, especially in the employment sector. One significant impact is the communication anxiety experienced by industrial workers in their families due to economic and social uncertainty. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of communication anxiety of industrial workers in the Ngoro Industri Persada area, focusing on how the pandemic affects communication patterns in families and their social interactions. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a purposive sampling method in the selection of informants. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study showed that there were variations in communication anxiety based on the social and economic status of workers. Married male workers experience anxiety about meeting family needs and facing changes in household dynamics, while single male workers experience more anxiety regarding the future of work and personal health. Married women workers face pressure to meet household needs as well as anxiety about their children's health and education, while single women workers feel anxious about the financial contribution of their families. These findings show that communication in the family is an important factor in dealing with the economic and social crisis caused by the pandemic. Therefore, a more effective interpersonal communication-based approach is needed to reduce the impact of anxiety in the work and family environment
References
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https://doi.org/10.2196/27079
39. Soomro, A. A., Breitenecker, R. J., & Shah, S. A. M. (2018). Relation of work-life balance, work-family conflict, and family-work conflict with the employee performance-moderating role of job satisfaction. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 7(1), 129–146.
40. Spradley, J. P. (2016). Participant Observation. Waveland Press.
https://books.google.co.id/books?id=q7DlCwAAQBAJ
41. Vaziri, H., Casper, W. J., Wayne, J. H., & Matthews, R. A. (2020). Changes to the work–family interface during the COVID-19 pandemic: Examining predictors and implications using latent transition analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(10), 1073.
42. Wardasari, N., & Destrity, N. A. (2023). Support Group Communication untuk Kesehatan Mental pada Pasien Covid-19 di Kota Malang. Jurnal Komunikasi, 17(2), 207–224.
2. Aliffia, D., Mawadah, Adawiyah, R., Na’imah, K., Komalasari, S., & Hermina, C. (2022). Konflik Peran Ganda Wanita Karir Saat Work From Home di Masa Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Meta analisis. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengukuran Psikologi: JPPP, 11(02), 110–114. https://doi.org/10.21009/jppp.112.08
3. Amnesty International Indonesia. (2020). Terpapar, Dibungkam, Diserang: Kegagalan Melindungi Pekerja Kesehatan dan Esensial Selama Pandemi COVID-19. 1–62.
4. Barnett, M. D., Maciel, I. V., Johnson, D. M., & Ciepluch, I. (2021). Social Anxiety and Perceived Social Support: Gender Differences and the Mediating Role of Communication Styles. Psychological Reports, 124(1), 70–87.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294119900975
5. Bhaumik, M., Hassan, A., & Haq, S. (2020). Covid-19 pandemic, outbreak educational sector and students online learning in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 23(3), 23.
6. Canavan, J., Dolan, P., & Pinkerton, J. (2000). Family Support: Direction from Diversity. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=vH59Vyjpgv4C
7. Cherlin, A. J. (2014). Labor’s Love Lost: The Rise and Fall of the Working-Class Family in America. Russell Sage Foundation. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=8PKIBAAAQBAJ
8. Chow, K. M., Law, B. M. H., Ng, M. S. N., Chan, D. N. S., So, W. K. W., Wong, C. L., & Chan, C. W. H. (2020). A review of psychological issues among patients and healthcare staff during two major coronavirus disease outbreaks in China: Contributory factors and management strategies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), 6673.
9. Clarke, V., & Braun, V. (2017). Thematic analysis. Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(3),297–298. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2016.1262613
10. Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative enquiry & research design, choosing among five approaches. In Book: Vol. 2nd ed.
11. Denzin, N. K., & Giardina, M. D. (2009). QUALITATIVE INQUIRY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE: TOWARD A POLITICS OF HOPE. Left Coast Press. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=c3YUYBt7TFMC
12. Divara, A. N. M. (2023). SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING PEREMPUAN LAJANG DEWASA AWAL PADA KELUARGA KELAS MENENGAH BAWAH HALAMAN. In AT-TAWASSUTH: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam: Vol. VIII (Issue I).
13. Ersoy, A., Mahmood, Z., Sharif, S., Ersoy, N., & Ehtiyar, R. (2023). Exploring the Associations between Social Support, Perceived Uncertainty, Job Stress, and Emotional Exhaustion during the COVID-19 Crisis. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032150
14. Guba Lincoln, Yvonna S., E. G. (1981). Effective evaluation. Jossey-Bass Publishers.
15. Herawati, T., Tyas, F. P. S., & Trijayanti, L. (2017). Tekanan Ekonomi, Strategi Koping, dan Ketahanan Keluarga yang Menikah Usia MUda. Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga Dan Konsumen, 10(3), 181–191. https://doi.org/10.24156/jikk.2017.10.3.181
16. Herlina, L. (2019). Kondisi Dan Faktor Penyebab Stres Kerja Pada Karyawan Wanita PT “SGS.” Jurnal Psiko-Edukasi, 17(2), 118–132.
17. ILO-OECD. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on jobs and incomes in G20 economies. ILO-OECD Paper Prepared at the Request of G20 Leaders Saudi Arabia’s G20 Presidency 2020, 46. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---cabinet/documents/publication/wcms_756331.pdf
18. Kniffin, K. M., Narayanan, J., Anseel, F., Antonakis, J., Ashford, S. P., Bakker, A. B., Bamberger, P., Bapuji, H., Bhave, D. P., & Choi, V. K. (2021). COVID-19 and the workplace: Implications, issues, and insights for future research and action. American Psychologist, 76(1), 63.
19. Korkmaz, S., Kazgan, A., Çekiç, S., Tartar, A. S., Balcı, H. N., & Atmaca, M. (2020). The anxiety levels, quality of sleep and life and problem-solving skills in healthcare workers employed in COVID-19 services. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 80, 131–136.
20. Kuswanti, A., Muqsith, M. A., Zainal, A. G., & Oktarina, S. (2020). Manajemen Komunikasi Keluarga Saat Pandemi COVID-19. SALAM: Jurnal Sosial Dan Budaya Syar-I, 7(8), 707–722. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjsbs.v7i8.15959
21. Lempang, G. F., Walenta, W., Rahma, K. A., Retalista, N., Maluegha, F. J., & Utomo, F. I. P. (2021). Depresi Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 pada Masyarakat Perkotaan (Studi Literatur). Pamator Journal, 14(1), 66–71. https://doi.org/10.21107/pamator.v14i1.9854
22. MAHA, A. S. (2024). Peran Dukungan Sosial dalam Mengurangi Risiko Depresi. Literacy Notes, 2(1).
23. Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2019). Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook Fouth Edition.
24. Nguyen, H. B., Nguyen, T. H. M., Vo, T. H. N., Vo, T. C. N., Nguyen, D. N. Q., Nguyen, H. T., Tang, T. N., Nguyen, T. H., Do, V. T., & Truong, Q. B. (2023). Post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression and related factors among COVID-19 patients during the fourth wave of the pandemic in Vietnam. International Health, 15(4), 365–375. https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihac040
25. North, M. S., & Fiske, S. T. (2015). Intergenerational resource tensions in the workplace and beyond: Individual, interpersonal, institutional, international. Research in Organizational Behavior, 35, 159–179.
26. Novitasari, D., Sasono, I., & Asbari, M. (2020). Work-family conflict and worker’s performance during Covid-19 pandemic: What is the role of readiness to change mentality. International Journal of Science and Management Studies (IJSMS), 3(4), 122–134.
27. Oktawirawan, D. H. (2020). Faktor Pemicu Kecemasan Siswa dalam Melakukan Pembelajaran Daring di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 20(2), 541. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v20i2.932
28. Onyema, E. M. (2020). Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic on Education. Journal of Education and Practice, 11(13), 108–121. https://doi.org/10.7176/jep/11-13-12
29. Pasaribu, A. R., Gusrini, V., & Pohan, R. (2021). The effect of emotional intelligence on communication anxiety among bank employees in North Sumatra Pengaruh kecerdasan emosi terhadap kecemasan komunikasi pada karyawan bank yang bekerja di Sumatera Utara. Psikologia: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Psikologi, 16(2), 38–46.
30. Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods, 2nd ed. In Qualitative evaluation and research methods, 2nd ed. (p. 532). Sage Publications, Inc.
31. Phillips, D., Paul, G., Fahy, M., Dowling-Hetherington, L., Kroll, T., Moloney, B., Duffy, C., Fealy, G., & Lafferty, A. (2020). The invisible workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: Family carers at the frontline. HRB Open Research, 3, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13059.1
32. Poggesi, S., Mari, M., & De Vita, L. (2019). Women entrepreneurs and work-family conflict: An analysis of the antecedents. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 15, 431–454.
33. Powell, G. N. (2020). Work–family lockdown: implications for a post-pandemic research agenda. Gender in Management, 35(7–8), 639–646. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-05-2020-0148
34. Rahmi. (2021). Bab I Pendahuluan. 2504, 1–9.
35. Romo, L. K. (2014). “These aren’t very good times”: Financial uncertainty experienced by romantic partners in the wake of an economic downturn. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 35, 477–488.
36. Rosyanti, L., & Hadi, I. (2020). Dampak Psikologis dalam Memberikan Perawatan dan Layanan Kesehatan Pasien COVID-19 pada Tenaga Profesional Kesehatan. Health Information : Jurnal Penelitian, 12(1),107–130. https://doi.org/10.36990/hijp.vi.191
37. Santoso, D. H., & Santosa, A. (2020). Dalam Ragam Tinjauan Perspektif. In LPPMMercubuana. http://lppm.mercubuana-yogya.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/BUKU-RAPID-RESEARCH-COVID-UPDATE-1.pdf
38. Shen, L., Yao, R., Zhang, W., Evans, R., Cao, G., & Zhang, Z. (2021). Emotional attitudes of Chinese citizens on social distancing during the COVID-19 outbreak: Analysis of social media data. JMIR Medical Informatics, 9(3), 1–18.
https://doi.org/10.2196/27079
39. Soomro, A. A., Breitenecker, R. J., & Shah, S. A. M. (2018). Relation of work-life balance, work-family conflict, and family-work conflict with the employee performance-moderating role of job satisfaction. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 7(1), 129–146.
40. Spradley, J. P. (2016). Participant Observation. Waveland Press.
https://books.google.co.id/books?id=q7DlCwAAQBAJ
41. Vaziri, H., Casper, W. J., Wayne, J. H., & Matthews, R. A. (2020). Changes to the work–family interface during the COVID-19 pandemic: Examining predictors and implications using latent transition analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(10), 1073.
42. Wardasari, N., & Destrity, N. A. (2023). Support Group Communication untuk Kesehatan Mental pada Pasien Covid-19 di Kota Malang. Jurnal Komunikasi, 17(2), 207–224.
Authors
[1]
“Communication Anxiety of Industrial Workers during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Descriptive Study in Indonesian Industrial Area”, Soc. sci. humanities j., vol. 9, no. 03, pp. 7277–7288, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.18535/sshj.v9i03.1718.
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