Radio Empowerment Effect
Abstract
Radio plays an important role in society. As a private broadcasting institution, Rasil or Radio Silaturahim, that should be funded from advertising broadcast and/or other legitimate business relating to broadcasting operations, but the management decided not to earn funds from advertising broadcast. They are funded by individuals and communities. The radio also educates and be active in many community empowerments, that expected to give effect to listeners by on-air and off-air activities. The objectives of this research. The first objective is to find out what kind of empowerment does Radio Silaturahim does. The second objective is to explore the advantage or effect of Radio Silaturahim to its community, especially related to cognitive, affective, and behavioral/conative. The research uses a qualitative approach. The primary data using specific techniques in-depth interviews, participant observation in off-air occasions, and collecting a written statement from the listeners about the effect of being a listener. The result is that the radio tagline “For United Islam” and the motivation for “Da’wah warrior’, are positive to motivate listeners and community where the Radio Silaturahim activities held. In return, the listeners and their community are voluntarily participating, contributing, and even creating various programs for the benefit of their own or others. Radio Silaturahim has cognitive, emotional, and behavioral effects for the listeners. Listeners get more knowledge and understanding, feel meaningful with him or herself, and be more productive and active to make a difference in society
References
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Eisenberg, N., & Mussen, P. H. (1989). The Roots of Prosocial Behavior in Children. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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Fombad, M. C., & Jiyane, G. V. (2019). The role of community radios in information dissemination to rural women in South Africa. Journal of Librarianship Anf Information Science, 51(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961000616668960
Gandhi, T., & Raina, R. (2018). Social entrepreneurship: the need, relevance, facets and constraints. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0094-6
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Hu, T.-Y., Li, J., Jia, H., & Xie, X. (2016). Helping Others, Warming Yourself: Altruistic Behaviors Increase Warmth Feelings of the Ambient Environment. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1349. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01349
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Kieffer, C. H. (1984). Citizen empowerment: A developmental perspective. Prevention in Human Services, 3(2–3), 9–36. https://doi.org/10.1300/J293v03n02_03
Lakhendra, B. (2013). Community Radio a Tool of Participatory Communication for Development. Scholars’ Press.
Lee, L. T. (2009). History and Development of Mass Communications. Journalism and Mass Communication, I.
Lee, S., & Potter, R. (2018). The impact of emotional words on listeners’ cognitive and emotional responses in the context of advertising. Communication Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650218765523
Maclennan, A. F. (2018). Private broadcasting and the path to radio broadcasting policy in Canada. Media and Communication, 6(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i1.1219
Mchugh, S. (2016). How podcasting is changing the audio storytelling genre. The Radio Journal: International Studies in Broadcast and Audio Media, 14(1), 65–82.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Myers, D. G. (2010). Social Psychology (10th ed.). Holland, Michigan: McGraw-Hill.
Nashori, F. (2008). Psikologi Sosial Islami. Jakarta: Refika Aditama.
Nettlefold, J. (2019). Listening at the local level: the role of radio in building community and trust. Media International Australia, 172, 1329878X1985866. https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X19858662
Nielsen.com. (2020). Radio is “Comfort Food” As Media Consumption Rises Amid COVID-19 Pandemic.
Nielsen Music. (2017). U . S . MUSIC 360.
Nirmala, Y. (2015). The role of community radio in empowering women in India. Media Asia, 42(1–2), 41–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2015.1072335
Octavia, E. R. (2019). The Existence Of Radio As Advertising Media In Indonesia Within The Internet Era (Vol. 207, pp. 333–338). https://doi.org/10.2991/reka-18.2018.73
Order, S. (2013). The Altruism of Community Radio? Asia Pacific Media Educator, 23, 381–401. https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365X13517196
Perkins, D., & Zimmerman, M. (1995). Empowerment theory, research, and application. American Journal of Community Psychology, 23, 569–579. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02506982
Procter, J. (2004). Stuart Hall. Routledge.
Rarasandy, L., Priyono, A., Prasetyo, B., & Ngabekti, S. (2020). Student ’ s Conservation Attitudes and Behavior After Conservation and Environment-Courses. Journal of Innovative Science Education, 9(2), 144–150.
Rasheed, A. R. A., & Maraimalai, N. (2018). A Study on the Role of Public and Private Sector Radio in Women’s Development with Special Reference to India. Athens Journal of Mass Media and Communications, 4(2), 121–140. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajmmc.4.2.3
Rimmer, A. (2020). Breaking the silence: community radio, women, and empowerment. Community Development Journal. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/bsz030
Saksa, J. (2015). An Investigation of Research on Altruism in Recent Literature of the Three Sectors: Public, Private, and Non-Profit. Honors Projects.
Shahzalal, M., & Hassan, A. (2019). Communicating sustainability: Using community media to influence rural people’s intention to adopt sustainable behaviour. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(3), 19–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030812
Sparkler Research. (2011). Media and the mood of the nation.
Straubhaar, J., LaRose, R., & Davenport, L. (2018). Media Now: Understanding Media, Culture, and Technology (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Teixeira, M. M. (2016). The History of Radio From Hertz To The Web. Communication, Entertainment and Education. Grin Publishing.
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Torii, A. (2017). Effects of public broadcasting on the competition among private broadcasters and the total surplus. Journal of Media Business Studies, 14(2), 116–145. https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2017.1290023
Umarella, F. H., Tanty, D. S., & Anjanie, A. (2020). The Management of Local Wisdom Tourism of Baduy Tribe by Department of Tourism of Lebak Regency, Banten, Indonesia in Increasing the Number of Tourists. Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 8(5), 154–160. Retrieved from https://ajouronline.com/index.php/AJHSS/article/view/6321
Vugt, M. Van, Roberts, G., & Hardy, C. (2012). Competitive altruism: a theory of reputation-based cooperation in groups. In Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology Edited by Louise Barrett and Robin Dunbar.
Wartburg, R. G. von. (2018). How the world’s countries provide public media.
World Radio Day 2017. (2017).
Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Attaining self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective. In Handbook of self-regulation. (pp. 13–39). San Diego, CA, US: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012109890-2/50031-7
Alaric, R. I. (2015). Strategi Radio “Silaturahim” AM 720 Cibubur Bekasi dalam Mempertahankan Eksistensinya sebagai Media Dakwah.
Anderson, H. (2017). The Institutionalization of Community Radio as a Social Movement Organization: 4ZZZ as a Radical Case Study. Journal of Radio & Audio Media, 24, 251–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2017.1296446
Anderson, H., & Bedford, C. (2020). What I Know Now : Radio as a means of empowerment for women of lived prison experience . Journal of Alternative & Community Media, 2(1), 14–27. https://doi.org/10.1386/joacm_00029_1
Azubuike, C., & Ikiriko, S. I. G. (2019). Challenges and Prospects of Private Broadcast Media Ownership in Nigeria: A Study of Stations in Port Harcourt. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 10(5), 90–98. https://doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2019-0070
Bailey, E., & Wojdynski, B. W. (2015). Effects of “Meaningful” Entertainment on Altruistic Behavior: Investigating Potential Mediators. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 59(4), 603–619. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2015.1093484
Berry, R. (2016). Podcasting: Considering the evolution of the medium and its association with the word ‘radio.’ The Radio Journal International Studies in Broadcast and Audio Media, 14(1), 7–22.
Breton, H. O. (2013). A psycho-cultural approach to radio listening and creative production. Radio Journal:International Studies in Broadcast & Audio Media, 11, 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1386/rjao.11.1.75_1
Chowdhury, S., & Salam, M. (2015). Predicting Attitude Based on Cognitive, Affective and Conative Components: An Online Shopping Perspective. Stamford Journal of Business Studies, 6 / 7, 101–115.
CRTC. (2019). Communications Monitoring Report 2019. Ottawa, Ontario Canada.
Delp, L., Brown, M., & Domenzain, A. (2005). Fostering youth leadership to address workplace and community environmental health issues: a university-school-community partnership. Health Promotion Practice, 6(3), 270–285. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524839904266515
Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Fort Worth, Tex. : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.
Eisenberg, N., & Mussen, P. H. (1989). The Roots of Prosocial Behavior in Children. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fachrul, A. F. (2017). Pemaknaan Pengelolaan Radio Komunitas Secara Profesional dan Partisipasi (Studi Kasus Radio Silaturahim AM 720). El-Hikmah, 9(3).
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behaviour: An introduction to theory and research (Vol. 27). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Fombad, M. C., & Jiyane, G. V. (2019). The role of community radios in information dissemination to rural women in South Africa. Journal of Librarianship Anf Information Science, 51(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961000616668960
Gandhi, T., & Raina, R. (2018). Social entrepreneurship: the need, relevance, facets and constraints. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0094-6
Ganiem, L. M., Ambadar, J., & Sukardjo, C. (2015). PSR Personal Social Responsibility: aku, kamu, kita bisa. (D. Feirus, Ed.) (1st ed.). Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group.
Geiger, R. S., & Lampinen, A. (2014). Old Against New, or a Coming of Age? Broadcasting in an Era of Electronic Media. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 58(3), 333–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2014.935855
Hansmann, H. (2003). The Role of Trust in Nonprofit Enterprise. In Anheier H.K., Ben-Ner A. (eds) The Study of the Nonprofit Enterprise. Nonprofit and Civil Society Studies (An International Multidisciplinary Series). (pp. 115–122). Boston, MA: Springer.
Harliantara, H., & Susilo, D. (2019). Conventional Media of Communication Broadcast Integration and the Internet To Private Broadcast Radio. Commed : Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Media, 3(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.33884/commed.v3i1.606
Hick, S. (2009). Social Work in Canada: An Introduction, 2nd Edition. Social Work Education, 28(4), 455–456. https://doi.org/10.1080/02615470802681252
Hu, T.-Y., Li, J., Jia, H., & Xie, X. (2016). Helping Others, Warming Yourself: Altruistic Behaviors Increase Warmth Feelings of the Ambient Environment. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1349. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01349
Ibrahim, I. S. (2018). Communicating Health Through Community Radio : Making the Local Community Healthy by Empowering Community Radio. LINIMASA: JURNAL ILMU KOMUNIKASI, 1(2). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/linimasa.v1i2.1079
Kieffer, C. H. (1984). Citizen empowerment: A developmental perspective. Prevention in Human Services, 3(2–3), 9–36. https://doi.org/10.1300/J293v03n02_03
Lakhendra, B. (2013). Community Radio a Tool of Participatory Communication for Development. Scholars’ Press.
Lee, L. T. (2009). History and Development of Mass Communications. Journalism and Mass Communication, I.
Lee, S., & Potter, R. (2018). The impact of emotional words on listeners’ cognitive and emotional responses in the context of advertising. Communication Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650218765523
Maclennan, A. F. (2018). Private broadcasting and the path to radio broadcasting policy in Canada. Media and Communication, 6(1), 13–20. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i1.1219
Mchugh, S. (2016). How podcasting is changing the audio storytelling genre. The Radio Journal: International Studies in Broadcast and Audio Media, 14(1), 65–82.
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis A Methods Sourcebook (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Myers, D. G. (2010). Social Psychology (10th ed.). Holland, Michigan: McGraw-Hill.
Nashori, F. (2008). Psikologi Sosial Islami. Jakarta: Refika Aditama.
Nettlefold, J. (2019). Listening at the local level: the role of radio in building community and trust. Media International Australia, 172, 1329878X1985866. https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X19858662
Nielsen.com. (2020). Radio is “Comfort Food” As Media Consumption Rises Amid COVID-19 Pandemic.
Nielsen Music. (2017). U . S . MUSIC 360.
Nirmala, Y. (2015). The role of community radio in empowering women in India. Media Asia, 42(1–2), 41–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2015.1072335
Octavia, E. R. (2019). The Existence Of Radio As Advertising Media In Indonesia Within The Internet Era (Vol. 207, pp. 333–338). https://doi.org/10.2991/reka-18.2018.73
Order, S. (2013). The Altruism of Community Radio? Asia Pacific Media Educator, 23, 381–401. https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365X13517196
Perkins, D., & Zimmerman, M. (1995). Empowerment theory, research, and application. American Journal of Community Psychology, 23, 569–579. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02506982
Procter, J. (2004). Stuart Hall. Routledge.
Rarasandy, L., Priyono, A., Prasetyo, B., & Ngabekti, S. (2020). Student ’ s Conservation Attitudes and Behavior After Conservation and Environment-Courses. Journal of Innovative Science Education, 9(2), 144–150.
Rasheed, A. R. A., & Maraimalai, N. (2018). A Study on the Role of Public and Private Sector Radio in Women’s Development with Special Reference to India. Athens Journal of Mass Media and Communications, 4(2), 121–140. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajmmc.4.2.3
Rimmer, A. (2020). Breaking the silence: community radio, women, and empowerment. Community Development Journal. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/bsz030
Saksa, J. (2015). An Investigation of Research on Altruism in Recent Literature of the Three Sectors: Public, Private, and Non-Profit. Honors Projects.
Shahzalal, M., & Hassan, A. (2019). Communicating sustainability: Using community media to influence rural people’s intention to adopt sustainable behaviour. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(3), 19–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030812
Sparkler Research. (2011). Media and the mood of the nation.
Straubhaar, J., LaRose, R., & Davenport, L. (2018). Media Now: Understanding Media, Culture, and Technology (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Teixeira, M. M. (2016). The History of Radio From Hertz To The Web. Communication, Entertainment and Education. Grin Publishing.
the Republic of Indonesia. Law of The Republic of Indonesia Number 32 of 2002 on Broadcasting, Pub. L. No. 32, 1 (2002). Indonesia.
Torii, A. (2017). Effects of public broadcasting on the competition among private broadcasters and the total surplus. Journal of Media Business Studies, 14(2), 116–145. https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2017.1290023
Umarella, F. H., Tanty, D. S., & Anjanie, A. (2020). The Management of Local Wisdom Tourism of Baduy Tribe by Department of Tourism of Lebak Regency, Banten, Indonesia in Increasing the Number of Tourists. Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 8(5), 154–160. Retrieved from https://ajouronline.com/index.php/AJHSS/article/view/6321
Vugt, M. Van, Roberts, G., & Hardy, C. (2012). Competitive altruism: a theory of reputation-based cooperation in groups. In Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology Edited by Louise Barrett and Robin Dunbar.
Wartburg, R. G. von. (2018). How the world’s countries provide public media.
World Radio Day 2017. (2017).
Zimmerman, B. J. (2000). Attaining self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective. In Handbook of self-regulation. (pp. 13–39). San Diego, CA, US: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012109890-2/50031-7